Travel Guide to Costa Rica: A Paradise for Ecotourists

Introduction to Costa Rica

Costa Rica, a small Central American country bordered between Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south, is a land of remarkable ecological and geographical diversity. The country is divided north to south by mountain ranges, including six active volcanoes, creating distinct Pacific and Caribbean sides that boast varied climates and ecosystems. Bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east, Costa Rica's idyllic location near the equator and forming a gateway between two oceans and two continents makes it a tropical paradise teeming with natural beauty.

Despite being a developing nation with about 20% of its population living below the poverty line, Costa Rica enjoys the highest living standard in Central America and is frequently ranked among the happiest countries in the world. This high quality of life can be attributed to close family ties, low levels of violent crime and government corruption, and excellent social programs, including government-supported healthcare and education, which has led to a literacy rate exceeding 97%.

Costa Rica is a stable democratic republic with strong ties to the United States, which is its largest trading partner and a major source of tourism and investment. Known for its commitment to environmental protection, the country is a global leader in limiting carbon emissions and is committed to preserving its natural resources, including its rainforests, flora, and fauna. While tourists should exercise standard precautions against petty crime, Costa Rica is generally considered a safe destination, welcoming millions of visitors each year who come to explore its rich biodiversity and charasmatic culture.

Understanding Costa Rica: Geography, Climate, and Biodiversity

Exploring Costa Rica’s Diverse Geographic Regions

The varied geography of Costa Rica contributes to its relevence as a world famous ecotourist hotspot. Despite Costa Rica's small size, the country boasts significant geographic diversity due to extreme variations in elevation and distinct weather patterns influenced by its two bordering oceans. The country is divided from northwest to southeast by high-elevation mountain ranges that support a range of habitats, from lush rainforests and misty cloud forests to alpine environments above the tree line. These mountain ranges create three distinct regions: the eastern Caribbean side, the western Pacific side, and the high-altitude central region. Both the Caribbean and Pacific sides are dominated by rainforest ecosystems, receiving abundant rainfall—between 100 and 300 inches annually. However, the Pacific northwest region, particularly Guanacaste province, experiences a much drier climate with less than 60 inches of annual rainfall, supporting tropical monsoon forests and savannahs. Wildlife enthusiasts can categorize Costa Rica into four main regions: the Caribbean rainforests, the southwestern Pacific rainforests, the high-altitude mountainous areas, and the drier Guanacaste region. Each region supports unique flora and fauna, with some species, like the lowland inhabiting eyelash viper (Bothriechis nigroadspersus), found in both Caribbean and Pacific rainforests, while others, such as the high-altitude black-speckled palm-pit viper (Bothriechis nigroviridis), side-striped palm pitviper (Bothriechis lateralis) and the Talamancan Palm-pit viper (Bothriechis nubestris), are restricted to specific environments.

Exploring The Unique Provinces and Ecological Zones of Costa Rica

Costa Rica is politically divided into seven provinces, each with distinct ecological and climatic characteristics. Guanacaste, in the extreme northwest, is the driest region, supporting tropical monsoon forests and savannahs. To the east lies Alajuela province, which stretches from the Nicaraguan border in the north to the central highlands surrounding the capital, San José. Alajuela features lowland rainforests, the famous Arenal Volcano, and the Monteverde and Santa Elena cloud forest reserves. East of Alajuela is Heredia province, home to the high-elevation rainforests of Braulio Carrillo National Park and mid-elevation ecolodges such as Yatama Ecolodge and La Selva Biological Station. Southeast of Heredia is Cartago province, known for its vast agricultural lands, active volcanoes like Turrialba, and remote rainforests in the southeast. Limon province covers the entire eastern coast, featuring lowland rainforests, Tortuguero National Park, and the biodiverse Talamanca Mountains. San José province, located in the central highlands, includes the capital city and stretches southward along the continental divide, encompassing the country's highest peak, Cerro Chirripó. Lastly, Puntarenas province runs along the Pacific coast from Guanacaste in the north to Panama in the south, with the Osa Peninsula in the south hosting the world-renowned Corcovado National Park, one of the most biodiverse areas on Earth.

Costa Rica Weather Patterns:
Best Times for Birding, Herping, and Exploring

Situated well within the tropics, Costa Rica experiences two main seasons: a wet season and a dry season, corresponding to the summer and winter months of the Northern Hemisphere, respectively. The wet season, which runs from mid-May through November, is the best time for wildlife viewing, especially for herping (reptiles and amphibians), as the humid conditions are ideal for their activity. This period coincides with the low season for tourists, offering less crowded conditions and often lower prices for lodging and services. The dry season, from December to mid-May, is the peak tourist season, attracting visitors seeking sunny weather. However, when planning a visit, it's important to note that terms like "summer" and "winter" in Costa Rica may refer to the dry and wet seasons, which can be confusing. Rainfall varies significantly across the country, from 60 inches in the driest regions of Guanacaste to over 280 inches in the wettest areas, such as the Osa Peninsula. While the Pacific side has a distinct wet and dry season, the Caribbean side experiences more consistent rainfall year-round, making it a viable option for wildlife viewing even during the dry season. The Guayacán rainforest region on the Caribbean side, in particular, recieves abundant rainfall all year round with yearly averages ranging from 197 to 236 inches (5-6m) and a record of 308 inches (7.8m) in 2015 (Brian Kubicki).

Costa Rica’s Rich Biodiversity

Despite covering just 0.03% of Earth's landmass, Costa Rica is home to approximately 4% of the planet's species, making Costa Rica one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, including hundreds of endemic species. But why does Costa Rica have so much biodiversity? Costa Rica's intense biodiversity results from Costa Rica's unique geographical and climatic conditions, which create a wide range of habitats across the country. The tropical, wet climate, combined with an elevation range from sea level to over 12,000 feet, fosters diverse ecosystems, from tropical lowland rainforests and mangrove swamps to cloud forests and high-altitude paramo. Additionally, Costa Rica's location between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea brings distinct climate influences from each, further enriching its ecological diversity. Positioned at the intersection of North and South America, Costa Rica is home to species typical of both continents, contributing to its remarkable variety of flora and fauna.

Discovering Costa Rica’s Ecosystems:
Rainforests, Cloud Forests, and More

Costa Rica's diverse ecosystems range from below sea level to high-altitude environments over 12,000 feet. The country features coral reefs in both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, extensive beaches, and mangrove wetlands along its coasts. Inland, lowland rainforests transition into tropical monsoon forests and savannahs in the dry northwest. As one moves further inland, the flat lowland rainforests give way to extremely diverse rainforests on the lower foothills, which host species typical of both low and higher elevations. At higher elevations, the flora and fauna change with altitude and temperature. The cloud forests, found along the high mountain ridges, are some of the rarest and most threatened biomes on Earth. At the highest elevations, tropical trees give way to a neotropical high-altitude grassland, where cold temperatures, occasional frosts, and intense winds create a unique environment for specialized species.

Wilderness and Forest Cover in Costa Rica: How Much Wild Land Remains?

Costa Rica stands as one of the world’s most successful examples of forest recovery and wilderness preservation. After losing most of its forests by the 1980s, the country reversed deforestation through progressive policies, reforestation incentives, and a national commitment to conservation. Today, about 57% of Costa Rica’s land area remains forested, with roughly half of that primary, old-growth rainforest. The nation’s forest cover is stable or increasing, and nearly a quarter of its territory is under formal protection—one of the highest proportions globally. Secondary forests are regenerating on former farmland, strengthening wildlife corridors and helping restore ecosystem functions across the landscape.

The country’s wilderness is organized into six major contiguous forest blocks: Talamanca, Osa Peninsula, Guanacaste, Northern Caribbean Lowlands, Central Volcanic Range, and Monteverde–Arenal. These regions encompass an exceptional diversity of ecosystems—from dry tropical forests and coastal mangroves to misty cloud forests and lowland rainforests—each large enough to sustain top predators such as jaguars and tapirs. While some gaps remain between forest complexes, ongoing reforestation and proposed biological corridors could one day link them into a nearly continuous chain of wild land stretching from Nicaragua to Panama. This mosaic of connected wilderness offers both ecological resilience and opportunities for sustainable ecotourism.

Compared globally, Costa Rica’s conservation achievements are extraordinary. Whereas nearby countries like Nicaragua continue to lose vast tracts of forest and regions such as Southeast Asia struggle with industrial deforestation, Costa Rica maintains stability, integrity, and biodiversity within its forests. The country demonstrates that deforestation is reversible through clear policies, strong enforcement, and community engagement. Its remaining wilderness—though small in absolute size—is rich in species and ecological variety, serving as a model for balancing human development with nature’s preservation. Costa Rica’s forests remain a living laboratory of resilience and a symbol of what committed environmental stewardship can achieve.

Costa Rica’s Iconic Wildlife:
Essential Sightings for Herpers, Birders, and Ecotourists

Costa Rica is home to an array of iconic species that captivate nature enthusiasts and underscore the country’s incredible biodiversity. Among these are the vibrant red-eyed tree frogs, known for their striking appearance and nocturnal habits, and the slow-moving sloths, which are a favorite sight in the rainforest canopy. The elusive jaguar, the largest cat in the Americas, roams the dense jungles, while colorful toucans, with their oversized bills, add splashes of color to the forest.

The country also harbors the endangered Baird's tapir, a unique mammal that thrives in Costa Rica's protected areas, and species more commonly found on the South American continent, such as marsupial opossums and xenarthrans like sloths, armadillos, and anteaters. Costa Rica is also famous for its diverse snake population, including the bright yellow eyelash viper and other striking species in the Bothriechis genus. The country’s four species of monkeys—howler, spider, squirrel, and capuchin—are frequently spotted in national parks. Additionally, Costa Rica's beaches are critical nesting sites for sea turtles, where the spectacular arribada event occurs, during which thousands of olive ridley sea turtles simultaneously come ashore to lay their eggs, creating one of nature’s most awe-inspiring phenomena.

Local Culture and Language

Understanding Costa Rican Culture and Traditions as an Ecotourist

Costa Rican culture is a rich blend of indigenous traditions, Spanish colonial influence, and modern global trends, all centered around the "Pura Vida" philosophy, which embodies a positive, laid-back approach to life. Ticos, as Costa Ricans are known, deeply value family, community, and the natural beauty of their country. Catholicism plays a significant role in daily life and is reflected in vibrant festivals and traditions like "Fiestas de Palmares" and "Semana Santa" (Holy Week). Spanish is the official language, though English is widely spoken in tourist areas, making it easier for visitors to connect with locals and immerse themselves in the culture.

Understanding and respecting local customs

While a comprehensive overview of Costa Rican culture and customs is beyond the scope of this article, doing some additional research will be beneficial. In a nutshell, Ticos are immersed in Western culture and are accustomed to interacting with American and European tourists, making them understanding and tolerant of different cultures. However, taking the time to learn and respect their customs will be greatly appreciated by locals. As the saying goes, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."

Do You Need to Know Spanish for Your Costa Rican Ecotourism Adventure?

Before my first visit to Costa Rica, I was concerned that my limited Spanish skills (I knew just the basics) would leave me struggling if something went wrong. Friends assured me that everyone in Costa Rica speaks English, but I was skeptical—and rightly so. While many service workers in tourist areas do speak English, if you’re like me and prefer to explore more remote regions, you’ll find that English is less commonly spoken. In my experience, most Costa Ricans I encountered did not speak English. However, my fears about not knowing the language were largely unfounded.

Even when language barriers existed, the Costa Ricans I met were incredibly patient and eager to communicate, even if it meant relying on single words, gestures, or pantomime. It’s remarkable how effective non-verbal communication can be!

For non-Spanish-speaking visitors, I recommend learning as much Spanish as possible before your trip, but don’t let language limitations discourage you from visiting Costa Rica. Language learning apps like Duolingo and Babbel are a fun and convenient way of building your vocabulary and understanding of basic sentence structure. The more Spanish you learn, the smoother your experience will be, and I found that Ticos genuinely appreciated my efforts to speak their language. My Spanish was far from perfect, but I could tell that locals appreciated my attempt.

Make an effort to learn key phrases and nouns that will be useful during your trip, especially terms related to travel (like "taxi," "bus," and the names of towns) and the Spanish names for any species you’re hoping to spot. I also recommend downloading Google Translate to your phone for quick reference—Ticos are usually patient while you type in a translation, and many use the app themselves! Below, you'll find a table of key phrases and nouns that should come in handy in Costa Rica

Before you travel, try brushing up on your Spanish with a language app such as Babbel or Duolingo to give you extra confidence when navigating daily interactions in Costa Rica. While you're in Costa Rica, have a translate app, such as Google Translate, on your phone to help with words and phrases you don't know.

Preparing for Your Costa Rica Adventure

Essential Travel Documentation for Ecotourists in Costa Rica

When you arrive at customs in Costa Rica, you will likely be asked for your passport, proof of onward transportation, your intended length of stay, and the address of your first accommodation. You can verbally communicate your length of stay and where you’ll be staying to the customs officer (if you’re staying at multiple locations, simply mention the first one). If you are a U.S. citizen planning to stay for less than 180 days, you will not need a visa, but you will need a valid passport that is good for at least one day beyond your entry date and has at least one blank page for a stamp. You will also need to provide proof of your departure from the country, which is most easily done by showing your return flight ticket. Alternatively, a pre-purchased bus or flight ticket out of Costa Rica can serve as proof of onward travel.

You may also need proof of economic means, i.e. you need to have at least $100 USD per month to stay in Costa Rica. Not everyone is asked this, and it seems like visitors from the U.S., Canada, and Europe likely will not be asked. For more official information for U.S. travelers, please visit the Costa Rica Embassy site or the U.S. State Department site.

Disclaimer: It is essential to conduct your own research using official and reliable sources to determine the travel documentation required for your specific circumstances and travel dates. The information provided above may not be accurate for your situation and could be outdated.

Vaccinations for Traveling to Costa Rica

For those planning a trip to Costa Rica, ensuring you are up to date with certain vaccinations can greatly enhance the safety and enjoyment of your journey. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), travelers should ensure they are up to date on routine vaccines, including measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, varicella (chickenpox), polio, and the yearly flu shot. Additionally, vaccines for Hepatitis A and Typhoid are recommended due to potential exposure through contaminated food or water, even though Costa Rica generally has very safe drinking water straight from the tap.

According to the NHS, Malaria is uncommon throughout Costa Rica and throughout the year. However, according to the CDC it is known to exist in the provinces Alajuela and Limón, while transmission is rare to nonexistent in other parts of the country. Unlike some other tropical destinations, the Yellow Fever vaccine is not recommended for travel to Costa Rica.

Personal Experience and Recommendations

For those hesitant about the upfront costs of vaccinations, consider that most vaccines provide long-lasting protection, often for many years or even a lifetime, making them a one-time investment that won't be necessary on subsequent trips. In addition to the recommended vaccines from your home country, Hepatitus A, Tetanus, and Typhoid are often recommended for traveling to tropical regions of the Americas. These vaccines are relatively affordable, have minimal to no side effects for most people, and quickly become effective.

Additionally, I recommend purchasing and packing medication for travelers' diarrhea, which can result from bacterial, parasitic, or viral infections, but might also occur simply due to dietary changes. Anti diarrheal medications such as ZITHROMAX (azithromycin) can be purchased beforehand and carried during the trip to be used as needed, or saved for future travels if they remain unused.

Travelers often have mixed opinions about malaria pills. These are generally expensive and can have side effects. While malaria is typically uncommon in Costa Rica, each traveler should do his or her own research on the specific regions visited, consider consulting with a doctor or travel clinic, and to assess his/her own risk acceptance. Regardless of the presence of malaria or other mosquito tramsmitted diseases, travelers should take precautions to minimize exposure to mosquito bites. Mosquito prevention measures such as using DEET-containing repellents and treating outer clothing and gear with permethrin (available at outdoor outfitters like REI or the camping sections of big-box stores like Walmart) are essential.

Dengue is the most common mosquito borne disease reported in Costa Rica, not malaria or zika. Mosquitoes are present year round and can be more common in the wet season than the dry season. Some areas, such as lowland or flatland areas have more mosquitoes than high elevation or mountainous terrain that has more fast flowing streams than slow, stagnant streams and puddles.

The need for the rabies vaccine (pre-exposure prophylaxis) often sparks debate among travelers due to its perceived low risk. Most people, world-wide, are unlikely to be exposed to rabies, and exposure is not necessarily more likely while traveling than it is at home. Most people, therefore, opt out of pre-exposure prophylaxis. However, rabies is extremely serious and nearly always fatal once symptoms appear, requiring immediate post-exposure treatment—even for vaccinated individuals. The main drawbacks of the vaccine include its cost, the inconvenience of receiving three doses, and it doesn't eliminate the need for immediate post-exposure treatment. Ultimately, whether to get vaccinated against rabies depends on one's personal risk tolerance and specific travel plans. Travelers who handle bats, work closely with potentially rabid wild mammals or dogs will have a higher risk and should consider it essential and discuss their risks with a healthcare provider.

It’s important to note that the above recommendations are based on my personal (nonprofessional) experience, research, and risk tolerance, and may not reflect the views of the CDC or the broader medical community. All travelers should conduct their own research, consult resources like the World Health Organization (WHO) or health organization of your own country such as the CDC in the U.S.A, the NHS in the U.K. etc., and seek advice from a specialized travel clinic (such as Passport Health in the U.S.) which offers expert guidance tailored to specific travel destinations. Ultimately, the choice of what precautions to take are up to you and depend on your own risk tolerance.

Pro tip: Often, pharmacies can provide some medications at lower costs than travel clinics can, and some vaccinations, especially non-travel specific vaccines such as flu or covid can be obtained cheaper or free at pharmacies, walk-in clinics, or in-network health providers.

It's important to consult with a healthcare provider or a travel health clinic well in advance of your trip, as vaccines require some time to become effective. The clinic can provide the most current advice and recommendations based on your individual health and travel itinerary. This tailored guidance ensures that you receive only the necessary vaccinations and health advice for your specific destinations within Costa Rica.

Travel Insurance and Health Considerations

When planning your trip to Costa Rica, it’s crucial to consider travel insurance and health-related preparations to ensure a safe and worry-free experience. While Costa Rica is known for its excellent healthcare system and is generally a safe destination, unforeseen circumstances such as accidents, illness, or travel disruptions can occur anywhere. Securing comprehensive travel insurance that covers medical expenses, trip cancellations, and other potential issues provides peace of mind and is highly recommended, even for budget travelers. Travel insurance is relatively inexpensive and should be considered a "must" for all travelers. I personally use Allianz travel insurance. While I’ve been fortunate never to have made a claim, the process of acquiring the insurance was straightforward and very affordable, offering excellent coverage and benefits. They even provide a concierge telephone service that can assist with issues like disrupted travel plans or offer advice on entertainment, accommodations, currency exchange, and more.

Additionally, being aware of local health considerations—such as recommended vaccinations, staying hydrated, and knowing where to access medical care—will help you fully enjoy your adventure while minimizing risks.

Why Travel Insurance Is Essential for Central & South American Wildlife Adventures

Traveling to Central and South America for wildlife viewing—whether trekking rainforest trails, hiking the Andes, or exploring remote national parks—offers unforgettable encounters with nature. But these adventures also carry risks: medical emergencies far from hospitals, delayed flights, lost gear, or nonrefundable bookings that can vanish with one twist of fate. Travel insurance provides a financial and logistical safety net, giving you peace of mind while you explore.

Remote wilderness areas present unique dangers. If you suffer an accident in the Amazon or high Andes, medical evacuation can exceed $100,000—costs rarely covered by standard health insurance. Travel policies typically include emergency medical and evacuation benefits, sometimes up to $1 million, plus 24/7 multilingual support to connect you with clinics, coordinate care, and even arrange air transport when necessary. This makes travel insurance one of the most important pieces of gear you can bring.

Beyond health emergencies, insurance softens the blow of common mishaps. Flight delays caused by storms or volcanic activity, missed connections, and baggage loss can derail wildlife trips. A good policy reimburses lodging and meals during delays, covers replacement of lost or delayed gear, and protects your prepaid tours and eco-lodges against cancellation or interruption. For trips where you’ve invested heavily in guides, permits, and nonrefundable reservations, this protection can prevent a major financial hit.

Coverage isn’t unlimited, and understanding exclusions matters. Pre-existing conditions are often excluded unless you buy a waiver early, routine medical care isn’t covered, and high-risk activities like mountaineering above certain elevations may require specialty add-ons. Most policies, however, do cover “soft adventure” activities such as hiking, birding, and wildlife safaris. Many also include 24/7 assistance for practical needs like lost passports or travel re-routing—services that can be invaluable when navigating unfamiliar terrain.

Among leading providers, Allianz stands out for family-friendly coverage and high evacuation limits, AIG’s Travel Guard offers customizable plans and strong protection against tour operator default, and World Nomads caters to adventurous travelers with broad coverage of outdoor activities and flexible enrollment while abroad. Prices typically range from $4–$12 per day depending on plan and traveler age. For wildlife enthusiasts from North America or Europe, investing in travel insurance is as essential as sturdy boots or binoculars—ensuring you’re protected when the unexpected happens so you can focus on the wonders of the natural world.

Can you drink the tap water in Costa Rica?

Quite simply, yes, you can safely drink the tap water in Costa Rica. I drank tap water while in Costa Rica, from San Jose, to the Caribbean, to the Pacific, to the mountains and, to remote ecolodges that collect rain for drinking water, and I never had an issue with the water. That being said, not every locality has the same water source, so if you’re ever in doubt, you can ask the locals, or just stick to bottled water.

Food: Groceries and Restaurants

Supermarkets (supermercados) can be found in larger towns and cities, while smaller stores are available in nearly every small town. Although buying groceries is generally cheaper than dining out at restaurants, many Western visitors to Costa Rica are surprised by how expensive groceries can be. Despite Costa Rica's lower median income compared to the U.S. and Europe, grocery prices are often comparable to those in the United States. While locally sourced produce can be affordable, imported brands typically come with a premium price tag.

Grocery stores in small towns will have a more limited selection than those in larger urban areas, but you should still be able to find essential items like milk, juice, eggs, potatoes, and some fresh produce, allowing you to maintain a healthy diet. However, fresh meat may not always be readily available, and you might need to settle for frozen or processed meat products.

When eating out, Costa Rica offers many small, family-owned restaurants called sodas, which serve traditional Costa Rican meals at reasonable prices. Staples include rice and beans (gallo pinto), plantains (plátanos), and a variety of local fresh fruits, along with meats such as beef, pork, chicken, and fish. If you have a sensitive stomach, you might want to be cautious when eating at sodas—not necessarily due to food contamination, but because a sudden change in diet can sometimes lead to stomach upset or diarrhea.

Packing Tips for Ecotourists in Costa Rica

In this section, I’ll provide a brief overview of essential items that wildlife enthusiasts should pack for their trip.

First and foremost, Costa Rica is a wet environment. If you visit during the rainy season, you will get rained on. Even in the dry season, rain is still a possibility. Staying completely dry while hiking in the hot, humid, low-elevation rainforests is almost impossible. Whether from rain, sweat, or brushing against wet foliage, you’ll likely end up soaked. However, the warm temperatures mean you don’t have to worry about getting too cold. Since staying dry might be difficult, the goal should be to stay comfortable when wet. I strongly recommend wearing only synthetic fabrics or wool, as they dry much faster than cotton, which can take several days to dry in the humid air—plus, dryers are uncommon.

Every hiker should carry a lightweight poncho in their pack. Ponchos are inexpensive, lightweight, and can be compressed to a small size, making them easy to carry, even in a pocket. In the steamy lowland rainforests, getting rained on may not chill you much and can even be a welcome relief from the heat. However, a poncho will be invaluable during a torrential downpour, which is common in the rainy season.

To protect your camera gear, electronics, passport, and money from getting wet, I strongly recommend using a dry bag and placing smaller items in plastic sealable bags inside your pack. I also find it handy to bring large yard waste garbage bags that can cover entire suitcases and luggage in the event of a downpour.

Rubber boots are essential for rainforest hikes during the rainy season. I personally recommend wearing knee-high, thin wool socks with your boots. The knee-high socks will prevent the tops of the boots from rubbing against your skin, and you can wear shorts for breathability while still covering your legs for protection. Wool dries faster than cotton and insulates better when wet.

At higher elevations, such as in the cloud forests, where the air is cooler and often breezy, staying dry is more attainable, and you’ll want to stay dry to keep warm. I recommend wearing synthetic fiber clothes and carrying a poncho. Rubber boots may not be necessary here, especially on popular, well-maintained trails. Water-resistant hiking boots or even trail runners may suffice. For example, the trails in the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve and Curi-Cancha Reserve are wide, well-worn, and well-drained, making rubber boots unnecessary. Additionally, sandy trails near the ocean, such as those in Cahuita National Park, Manuel Antonio National Park, and possibly Corcovado National Park, may not require rubber boots either. In the cooler cloud forests, you’ll likely want to bring warmer clothes, such as pants, a sweater, and a windbreaker.

Don’t forget to pack personal items like toiletries, sunscreen, mosquito repellent, and spare batteries. Since Ticos don’t often use sunscreen or mosquito repellent, these items might not be available at every store, and when they are, they can be quite expensive. Also, be sure to bring specialized items like camera batteries, memory cards, and any accessories specific to your brand, make, or model. Despite the high number of tourists visiting Costa Rica, you can’t always rely on finding a camera store with the items you need, and certain electronics may only be available in San José.

Costa Rica is only 8-12 degrees north of the Equator. The sun is extremely, extremely intense here. Remember to use sunscreen. You don't want to get a severe burn, especially on your first day!

Finally, be sure to bring flashlights, whether you plan on night hiking or not. Costa Rica’s tropical latitude means you’ll have 12 hours of darkness each day. If you’re planning on night hiking, which I highly recommend, you should carry at least two lights with you, each with fresh batteries. Having two lights and spare batteries is essential—you don’t want to be without light in the rainforest. The canopy of primary forests blocks nearly all star and moonlight, making it nearly impossible to see without artificial light. I recommend carrying one headlamp and one handheld LED light, along with spare batteries and chargers.

Packing Camera Equipment for Costa Rica Wildlife Photography

In this section, I’ll provide a brief overview of the essential camera equipment to bring to Costa Rica. All photographers should bring several camera batteries and chargers, as well as multiple data storage cards. This isn’t just because you’ll be taking lots of photos, but also as a safeguard against theft, damage, or malfunctions—spreading your photos across multiple cards ensures you don’t lose everything at once. Additionally, a flash is a must-have. Even during the day, overcast skies and dense canopies can significantly reduce ambient light, making a flash essential, especially for macro photography.

Herpetology Photography

If you’re focusing on reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates, you’ll want to bring a macro lens and/or a wide-angle lens for close-up shots, a flash, and a flash diffuser. Even if you prefer natural light photography, the low light levels in the forest often make flash photography necessary to capture clear, detailed images.

Birding Photography

Birding in Costa Rica will require the same lenses and tripods you typically use for bird photography. However, the low light conditions you’ll likely encounter in Costa Rica mean you may need faster lenses to capture as much light as possible. You might also consider adding a flash to your setup to improve your chances of getting the perfect shot

General Wildlife Photography

For general wildlife photography, whether you’re looking to capture sloths, toucans, or reptiles and amphibians, a long lens is essential for birds and mammals, while a macro and/or wide-angle lens is ideal for closer subjects like reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates, and plants. A flash with a diffuser is usually necessary for macro photography, even during the day, and a flash without the diffuser can be used with the long lens. For a long lens, I recommend a 400mm or 500mm prime lens. The advantage of fixed focal length prime lenses, such as the Nikon 500mm PF lens (f/5.6), is that they are weather-sealed (perfect for the rainforest) and are lighter and more compact than their zoom lens counterparts.

Cell Phone Use in Costa Rica

When traveling to Costa Rica, staying connected via cell phone and data services is straightforward, with several options available to suit different needs and preferences.

Buying SIM Cards in Costa Rica

One popular option is purchasing a local SIM card, which provides access to domestic rates for calls, texts, and data. This is often the most cost-effective way for international travelers to use their phones in Costa Rica. Major mobile service providers include Kölbi, Claro, and Movistar, with Kölbi being the most widespread and generally offering the best coverage, especially in rural areas. SIM cards are readily available at kiosks or in stores in most market places in most towns, just look for the ubiquitous red Claro signs or a Kölbi sign accompanied with their frog logo. The biggest downside to buying a SIM card is the need for an unlocked quad band phone that has a physical SIM card (not an electronic SIM). This option also may require changing your usual number temporarily, which might be inconvenient for some.

What is an unlocked phone? An unlocked cell phone can be used with multiple service providers, while a locked phone is tied to a specific carrier. Unlocked phones are more flexible and can be used with any compatible network, including international carriers. To find out if your phone is locked or unlocked, you can check your phone's settings. For example, on an iPhone, you can go to Settings, then Cellular, then Cellular Data. If you see "Cellular Data Network", your phone is probably unlocked. You can also consult your carrier's unlocking policy for more information.

The biggest advantage of buying a SIM card is cost-effectiveness. Local rates are significantly cheaper than most international plans, and having a local number can be beneficial for reservations and local contacts. According to information from MyTanFeet.com as of 2024, travelers can find a Claro kiosk at the San Jose International Airport (SJO), positioned to the left of Baggage Claim 5. This kiosk operates from 6 AM to 9 PM, extending hours until 11 PM on weekends. The staff at this location will assist you with purchasing a SIM card, and can also help with inserting it and setting up your phone. Claro provides several plan options, including a 15-day plan for $60 USD and a 7-day plan for $30 USD. Additionally, there is a vending machine available from which you can directly purchase a SIM card, and you can request help from an agent to install it in your phone.

Burner Phones

For those who prefer not to use their personal devices or need a temporary phone solution, burner phones (cheap prepaid cell phones with no commitments or contracts required) are available for purchase. These can be found in many of the same places as SIM cards, including most market places in most towns throughout Costa Rica. Burner phones provide basic functionalities and are pre-loaded with a set amount of calling and texting capabilities, making them a secure and straightforward option. Burner phones provide a degree of privacy and simplicity, ideal for travelers who may not want to use their personal device overseas. However, they can be limited in functionality and might not include data service, which is a drawback for those needing internet access on the go. They also don't have all the apps, files, and functionalities that you're used to having on your personal phone.

International Plans

For travelers from the United States, particularly those already using AT&T, the AT&T International Day Pass is highly recommended. This plan allows you to use your current plan in Costa Rica for $10 per day (as of 2023), charged only on the days you use it. This option is perfect for those who need to stay connected with their usual number and service but don’t want the hassle of changing SIM cards. It offers convenience and reliability, though it can be more costly compared to local SIM cards if used extensively.

Personally, this is the option I used on multiple trips to Costa Rica. I mostly just used cell/data service when I was traveling from one in-country destination to another, so that I could use my phone to call home, call the lodge I was staying at, use navagation apps, and access the internet. When I wasn't travelling, I'd remove my SIM card and place it the safe waterproof pouch I kept my passport in, so that I could still use my phone for photos and other apps not requiring cell or data service, and not worry about accidentally triggering the daily fee.

For the most up to date information on cell phone strategies in Costa Rica, consult the following excellent Costa Rica travel blogs: MyTanFeet.com and TwoWeeksInCostaRica.com.

Staying Connected: Calling and WhatsApp in Costa Rica

To make a phone call in Costa Rica, you’ll need to know both the local dialing system and how to call internationally. Costa Rica’s country code is +506, and unlike many countries, it has no separate area codes—all phone numbers are eight digits long. Mobile numbers usually begin with an 8 (sometimes 7 or 6), while landlines start with a 2 (for the Central Valley) or 4/5 in other regions. When calling from abroad, dial your country’s international access code (e.g., 011 from the U.S. or Canada), followed by 506 and then the eight-digit number (for example, 011-506-8888-8888). Within Costa Rica, you simply dial the eight-digit number directly—no prefixes required. Because most locals and businesses rely heavily on WhatsApp, you’ll often find that numbers listed online or given by hotels and tour operators are WhatsApp-enabled, making it the easiest and cheapest way to call or message once you’ve saved the contact with the +506 country code.

WhatsApp is the primary way to contact people and businesses in Costa Rica, from arranging tours to chatting with your hotel. To add a Costa Rican number in WhatsApp, save it in your phone’s contacts with the country code +506 followed by the eight-digit local number (for example: +506 8888 8888 for a mobile, or +506 2222 2222 for a landline). There are no area codes in Costa Rica, so the format is always +506 plus the eight digits. Once saved, you can call, message, or video chat over Wi-Fi or mobile data without paying international calling fees. Most tour operators, lodges, and even taxi drivers will expect to communicate this way, so it’s a good idea to confirm WhatsApp contact details when making reservations.

Note: WhatsApp calls do not use your phone plan’s minutes – they strictly use internet. So even if you call a local number via WhatsApp, it doesn’t count as a traditional phone call at all. Conversely, you cannot call a regular phone number through WhatsApp unless that number is registered on WhatsApp. For example, you can’t dial a hotel’s landline via WhatsApp; you’d need to call normally or see if the hotel has a WhatsApp contact number (many do). WhatsApp is a closed network – both parties must be on WhatsApp.

Tip: Connect to wifi, if available, before using your whatsapp.

WhatsApp Basics: Chats, Calls, and More

Once your account is set up, you can start communicating. WhatsApp’s interface is slightly different on iPhone vs. Android, but the core features are the same:

• Chats Tab: This is your list of conversations. On Android, “Chats” is usually the default screen; on iPhone, tap the “Chats” icon at the bottom. Initially it’ll be empty if you have no messages yet.
• Status Tab: (Optional use) This is like a stories/feed feature where you and contacts can post photos or updates that disappear in 24 hours. Useful if you want to share travel updates with all your contacts at once, but not critical for basic use.
• Calls Tab: A log of WhatsApp voice or video calls you’ve made or received. You can also start new calls from here.

Sending a Message (Text or Voice)

To start a new chat: Tap the new chat icon (on Android, a green “message” icon usually at bottom right; on iPhone, a square with pencil icon at top right). Select a contact from your address book or use the search bar to find them by name. If the person isn’t in your contacts yet, you can save them first (see the next section on adding contacts) or directly enter their number in the search bar (on WhatsApp, you can start a chat by typing + directly).

• Type and send text: Tap the text field where it says “Type a message”. Use the keyboard to type your message. Tap the send button (paper airplane icon) to send. Messages you send will show a grey check mark (sent), then two grey check marks when delivered to the recipient’s phone, and finally turn blue when the recipient reads it (blue checks appear only if they have read receipts enabled – many people do)
• Send emojis, stickers, GIFs: Tap the smiley icon (usually in the text field area) to open the emoji keyboard. You can switch to sticker or GIF tabs at the bottom of that panel. This is a fun way to communicate beyond text, even if you don’t share a language with someone (a thumbs-up 👍 is universally understood!).
• Voice messages: You can send a voice recording easily – useful if you’re multitasking or want to convey tone. Press and hold the microphone icon (to the right of the text box) to record an audio message; release to send it. (On iPhone, you may slide up to lock recording so you can talk without holding the button). Voice messages are very popular in Latin America – don’t be surprised if locals send you 2-minute voice notes instead of texts. Feel free to do the same if it’s easier.

Listening to voice messages: Just tap the play button on the voice note. Put the phone to your ear to play through the earpiece (WhatsApp will detect this via the proximity sensor) or play on speaker if you prefer. Tip: If you see the voice note text turn blue, that means you have played it (blue mic icon indicates heard).

Sending Photos, Videos, and Other Media

WhatsApp lets you share photos, videos, and files, which can be incredibly handy for travelers (think sending a photo of your location, a PDF of your booking, etc.).

• Attach media: In a chat, tap the attachment icon (paperclip on Android, “+” plus icon on iPhone). Choose what to send:
  • Gallery/Photo Library: Select photos or videos from your device gallery. You can pick multiple at once.
  • Camera: Take a new photo or video on the spot.
  • Document: Send PDFs, tickets, or any other files.
  • Location: Share your live location or a pin of your current spot (useful if you want to show someone where you are on a map – great for meeting up).
  • Contact: Share a contact’s info via WhatsApp vCard.

After selecting media, you can optionally add a caption or description, then hit send. Media will appear in the chat once sent. Note that photos and videos will be compressed by WhatsApp by default to reduce data usage – good for quicker sending, but if you need to send a full-resolution image (e.g., a document photo), you can attach it as a Document instead of Gallery to avoid compression.

Controlling downloads: By default, WhatsApp may auto-download images when you’re on Wi-Fi (and possibly on cellular, depending on settings). If you have limited data, you can go to Settings > Storage and Data and set media auto-download to Wi-Fi only or turn it off, so you manually tap images to download when you choose. This can save you from surprise data usage on cellular.

Adding Contacts on WhatsApp (and Using Country Codes)

To chat with someone on WhatsApp, you need to have their phone number saved in the format WhatsApp expects. This typically means the full international phone number including country code, even if they’re in the same country as you. Travelers often get confused by this because, with regular phone calls, you might dial different prefixes or omit the country code for local numbers – WhatsApp is different.

Key rule: Always save contacts in your phone with “+ [Country Code] [Full Phone Number]”. The plus (+) is the international access symbol, and the country code identifies their country. The rest is the local number (area code + subscriber number). Do not include any international dialing prefixes like 011 (US exit code) or 00 – the “+” takes care of that. Also, omit leading 0s that some domestic formats use. For instance, a UK mobile might be given as 07123 456789 locally; internationally it’s +44 7123 456789 (you drop the 0 after +44).

• Example (Costa Rica): A local in Costa Rica might say their number is 8888-8888. If you save just “88888888” on your phone, WhatsApp may not recognize it because it doesn’t know what country that is. You need to save it as +506 88888888 (where 506 is Costa Rica’s country code). Now WhatsApp knows it’s a Costa Rican number. Similarly, if you meet a new friend from Argentina and their number is “011 15 2345-6789” (Buenos Aires), save it as +54 9 11 2345 6789 – breaking that down: +54 (Argentina), 9 (needed for Argentine mobiles – more on this below), 11 (area code), 2345-6789 (the rest of the number).
• Your own number: You don’t need to add your own number, but note that when giving your number to locals, always include your country code. If you’re from the USA with number 408-123-4567, tell people it’s +1 408 123 4567 for WhatsApp purposes. They might store it without the +1 if they assume an American number, but it’s safer they have the full format, especially if they or you leave the country.

Transportation to and Within Costa Rica

Getting around Costa Rica is relatively straightforward, with a variety of transportation options to suit different needs and budgets. Whether you prefer the convenience of renting a car, the affordability of public buses, or the efficiency of domestic flights, understanding your options will help you navigate the country with ease and make the most of your adventure. Most areas are easily accessible by ground transportation, with only a few places, such as the Osa Peninsula, where a domestic flight might be preferable.

International Travel

International travel to Costa Rica is primarily via flights into and out of Juan Santamaría International Airport (SJO) in Alajuela, just outside the capital city of San José. The other international airport is in Liberia, located in the Guanacaste province.

When booking your flight to San José, Costa Rica. Do NOT accidentally book a flight to San Jose, California! Always look for the SJO international airport code that identifies the correct San José, Costa Rica airport. If you're trying to book a flight to San José, look for the SJO, and if you're typing directions into a navigation app like Waze, be sure to type San José, Costa Rica and not just San Jose, to avoid confusion.

From San José, a variety of ground transportation options are available, including taxis, limousines, and buses. While Uber is commonly used, it’s important to note that it is not legal in Costa Rica at the time of writing. From my personal communtication with locals who use Uber, your driver will often request that you meet him/her at a specific location, and greet each other as friends would, in an attempt to fool authorities into thinking you are friends.

Domestic charter flights from Juan Santamaría Airport offer fast travel to regions such as Limón on the Caribbean coast, Guanacaste, and Puerto Jiménez on the Osa Peninsula.

SJO is a small airport, with one main landing strip. This means that if one flight is delayed, so will the next flight. Do not plan your first tour of your trip with the expectation that you'll land on time. Expect that your flight will NOT land on time.

Ground Transportation: Car Rentals vs. Bus/Taxi

If you’ve decided on ground transportation, the next decision is whether to rent a car or rely on buses and taxis. Buses and taxis are very affordable, reliable, and serve nearly every town in Costa Rica, no matter how small. Renting a car is convenient, quick, and provides ultimate freedom in travel, however, it is likely to be considerably more expensive than bus/taxi, even when taking frequent taxi rides.

Pros and Cons of Bus Travel

Traveling by bus is the cheapest option, especially for small groups. From the capital, San José, you can reach nearly any popular destination for less than $10 USD. Express routes can be surprisingly quick (my bus driver from San José to Siquirres drove much faster than I would have!). The biggest advantage of bus or taxi travel (as opposed to driving yourself), besides cost, is not having to worry about driving or navigating unfamiliar roads in a foreign country. The main downside of bus travel is the extra time required—taking a cab to the bus station, waiting for the bus, and then taking another taxi to your final destination. If you plan to visit multiple destinations, renting a car might save you time, which can be invaluable on vacation. However, if you’re only visiting two locations per week, bus/taxi travel might be the better option. As a rule of thumb, limit your destinations to minimize travel time. Costa Rica does not have the fast highways that Americans and Europeans might be used to, and short distances can take a surprisingly long time to travel. Estimate travel time using a navigation app like Waze, and then double it to account for slow-moving trucks and unexpected construction—common occurrences in a country that experiences torrential downpours.

Pros and Cons of Car Rentals

The advantages and disadvantages of renting a car are more pronounced than with other ground transportation options. The primary benefit is the freedom and time saved from not having to wait for cabs or buses. If you have many destinations on your itinerary (more than two per week) or want to explore remote areas, renting a car may be the most practical option. However, there are significant downsides, including higher costs, the responsibility for accidents or theft, and the burden of navigating and driving yourself in an unfamiliar foreign country.

At the time of writing, you should expect to pay about $600 per week for the most economical vehicle (a two-seater with manual transmission) during the rainy season. Costs increase for larger vehicles, 4WD, automatic transmission, additional insurance, low availability, and during the peak season (December-April). A large, 4wd, automatic SUV, with extras such as wifi and gps, during the peak season could be around $1400/week. If you are renting during the peak season, especially during Christmas, Easter, and New Years, be sure to book well in advance (months).

Be aware that Costa Rican car rental companies are notorious for not disclosing the true final cost upfront. Even after multiple inquiries, the price quoted may be much lower than what you’ll actually pay when picking up the vehicle^*. Additionally, factor in the cost of gas, which may be higher than what you're used to, e.g. gas was 73% more expensive in Costa Rica than in my hometown of Colorado, U.S.A., at the time of writing. Note that the price of gas is controlled by the government and all gas stations should have the same price.

Gas Stations in Costa Rica

Gas stations in Costa Rica are generally open 24/7, but they aren’t as frequent as in some other countries. You may need to drive slightly out of your way to find one, though apps like Waze or Google Maps make the search easy. Look for signs that say “Gasolinera” or “Servicentro.”

Fuel prices are set by the government, so you’ll pay the same rate no matter where you stop. In comparison with the U.S., gasoline is usually more expensive, while diesel is often significantly cheaper. Every station carries three fuel types: regular (91 octane), super (95 octane), and diesel. Check with your rental company to confirm which fuel your vehicle requires.

All stations are full service. When you arrive, attendants may guide you into a lane—be aware that many stations use one-way traffic patterns. To fill your tank, you can say:

• “Lleno, por favor” = “Fill it up, please”
• “Lleno con gasolina de noventa y cinco, por favor” = “Fill it up with 95-octane, please” (Replace noventa y cinco with noventa y uno for 91 octane.)

Even if attendants don’t speak English, phrases like “Fill it up” or “Full” are usually understood. You can also request a specific amount by liters (e.g., “Diez litros” for ten liters) or by colones (e.g., “Treinta mil colones” for 30,000 colones).

Payment is straightforward: attendants typically bring a portable card reader to your car and process your card (Visa, Mastercard, Amex) in front of you, handing you a receipt right away (be wary if they don't have a portable card reader or give you your receipt). You can also pay in colones, which is the best option if paying with cash. Avoid paying in USD—you’ll never get a fair exchange rate.

⚠️ Be attentive when paying.

• Check the price on the pump to confirm the correct amount.
• Review your change (if paying cash) or your receipt (if paying by card).
• Occasionally, attendants may “top off” the tank and round up to the nearest ₡1000 (about $2). Mistakes—whether accidental or deliberate—do happen, but if you politely point them out, they are usually corrected.

Tip: Before your trip, research current Costa Rican fuel prices to better estimate your travel budget.

Another downside to renting a car is the process of handling accidents. Even a minor fender bender requires you to wait for the police and possibly an insurance agent to assess the damage. A small accident can end up costing you significant time. If your vehicle has any damage upon return, such as a windshield chip, allow plenty of extra time before your return flight, as you’ll need to wait for an insurance agent to inspect the vehicle before your deposit is returned.

Finally, driving in Costa Rica can be challenging. Although Costa Ricans drive on the right side of the road and follow similar rules and signage as in the U.S., navigating unfamiliar roads can be intimidating, especially when Ticos tend to drive unusually fast, even during torrential downpours on winding mountain roads. While I didn’t have any issues during my trip, I can’t deny that having a professional bus/taxi driver take the wheel is a significant weight off your shoulders.

Car Rental Requirements in Costa Rica:

• Passport (valid)
• Valid Driver's License from Home Country (International driver's license not required for licenses from U.S.A., Canada, Europe, and most countries with Latin alphabets)
• Credit Card with Funds Available for Security Deposit
• Minimum Age (21-25) Dependent on Company

Additional Tips for Renting a Car in Costa Rica:

• No photocopies of documents are acceptable.
• Make sure you don't reserve a manual transmission vehicle if you cannot drive manual transmission.
• Don't believe advertised prices that are too good to be true. A reputable company is better than a bargain company (and, ironically, often the same final price).
• Suzuki Jimni (manual transmission) are affordable, rugged, 4wd, and perfect for 1-2 people.
• Carry coins (in local currency, Colones) for tolls and parking attendants.
• Use local currency (Colones) or credit card for gas.

Driving in Costa Rica: What to Expect

Costa Rica can be a fantastic country to explore by car, but driving here often feels different than in the U.S. or Canada. Below are some of the most useful things to keep in mind before hitting the road.

Basic Rules and Requirements

• Side of the road: Costa Ricans drive on the right-hand side, just like in the U.S. and Canada.
• Signage: Road signs are written in Spanish, but most use familiar international symbols (red octagon = stop, triangle = yield, etc.).
• Speed limits: Posted in kilometers per hour. On major highways, the usual limit is around 90 km/h (≈55 mph).
• Fuel: Gasoline is sold in liters, and every station carries regular (91), super (95), and diesel.
• Legal requirements: Foreigners can drive with their home country license and passport, but only for as long as their tourist visa is valid. The legal driving age is 18, while most rental companies require drivers to be 21–23+.

Road Conditions and Culture

• Cities: San José and other urban centers are paved but congested. Lanes may not always be painted, roundabouts are chaotic, and traffic lights are less common outside the capital. Expect frequent honking and impatient drivers.
• Rural areas: Paved roads give way to gravel and dirt quickly once you leave main towns. Roads can be narrow, with steep ditches for drainage and little to no shoulder. Be prepared to share the road with pedestrians, cyclists, livestock, or even the occasional sloth.
• Highways: Don’t assume “highway” means multi-lane, or won't have occasional cross traffic. Many have only one lane each way with no shoulder, and traffic can back up for miles after an accident or roadwork.

Driving Style and Safety

• Right of way: Treated more like a suggestion than a rule. Don’t expect others to yield just because you signal.
• Merging: Sometimes you’ll need to be assertive to make a turn or merge, but use caution—forcing your way in can backfire.
• Bridges: It’s common to find one-lane bridges on two-lane roads. Yielding rules vary, sometimes one direction has the right of way, and sometimes it’s simply “first on the bridge goes.” Approach carefully, always assume the bridge is one lane unless you can see otherwise, and always be prepared stop (even on a "highway").
• Rain: Costa Rica's abundant rainfall requires deep roadside gutters/ditches (along highways and residential streets). There are no guard rails to protect you from dropping a wheel into one, and if you do, you are done...you will not be driving out of that situation.
• Animals: Dogs often roam freely, and in rural towns they may even nap in the road. Drive slowly and expect the unexpected.

Timing and Navigation

• Navigation apps: Waze and Google Maps work well, but their estimated times are optimistic. Treat their estimate as the best-case scenario and plan for up to twice as long, especially if you want to be on time.
• Rush hour: In and around San José, expect gridlock between 5–8 AM and 3–6 PM on weekdays.
• Night driving: It gets dark by 6 PM year-round. Avoid long drives at night, especially on unfamiliar or rural routes. Pedestrians and cyclists are often on the road without reflective gear.

Paying and Parking

• Tolls: Major highways like Route 27 have toll booths (“Peaje”). Fees are low, and you can pay in colones, U.S. dollars, or with a card. Don’t stress if you only have large bills—attendants will give change.
• Parking: In cities, stick to official lots. Outside urban areas, locals often park anywhere, hazard lights on, blocking part of the road. Never leave valuables visible in your car.

Communication Tip

• Learn a few Spanish phrases for gas stations:
  • “Lleno, por favor” = “Fill it up, please.”
  • “Diez litros” = “Ten liters.”
  • “Treinta mil colones” = “₡30,000 worth of fuel.”
• If you’re stopped by police, it’s normal. They may ask to see your passport and driver’s license. Keep both with you at all times.

Drive time estimates given by navigation apps such as Waze or Google Maps, are the minimum drive times, not the likely drive times. Traffic delays due to accidents, construction, police check points, weather related issues (landslides, downed trees, etc.), or getting stuck behind slow moving trucks can increase your drive time significantly. As a rule of thumb, you should plan for your drive to take twice as much time as the app says it will. It might not take that long, but it also might.

With this in mind, I personally recommend that you limit the total number of destinations you intend to visit in Costa Rica. The more destinations you have, the greater percentage of your vacation will be spent on the road. Don't try to "see as many sights as possible"...instead, think of Costa Rica as a place where you should take time to thoroughly enjoy each destination to the fullest..."stop to smell the flowers", so to speak.

Be sure to get the name of your destination correct. For example, Puerto Viejo de Talamanca is a popular tourist town on the Caribbean coast, while Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui is where you'll find the La Selva Biological Station (an ecolodge featured on our site). Thus, "Puerto Viejo" can refer to two different places. Actually, there's a beach in Guanacaste also called Puerto Viejo.

There's also about as many San Isidro's in Costa Rica as there are Springfield's in the U.S.A. So, just be sure you are booking or navigating to the correct [destination name] before and during your trip.

Costa Rican Public & Private Lands: National Parks and Reserves and Private Preserves and Ecolodges:
A Guide for Ecotourists

Although Costa Rica is a small country, occupying just 0.03% of Earth’s landmass or 0.1% of land in the tropics, it is estimated to be home to 5% of the planet's biodiversity. While much of Costa Rica’s natural forests have been lost to agriculture and urbanization, the country has shifted its priorities towards environmental conservation over the past few decades. Today, 28% of Costa Rica’s territory is protected within its national system of conservation areas, including national parks, reserves, and wildlife refuges. Approximately 51% of the country’s landmass is forested, with 23.9% classified as primary forest.

From a nature lover’s perspective, the benefits of nationally protected areas are clear. However, these areas also come with restrictive rules and regulations for visitors. Restrictions range from common-sense rules like prohibiting vandalism, pollution, and poaching, to more limiting rules such as banning foot travel in large sections, prohibiting travel after dark, and limiting or prohibiting overnight stays. Some parks, like Corcovado, even prohibit foot travel without a licensed guide.

If you’re from the U.S., you may be accustomed to different types of federal lands with varying levels of restrictions, ranging from National Parks with stringent rules to National Forests and BLM lands with relatively few limitations on where you can go, what you can do, and when you can visit. In Costa Rica, there are no public lands equivalent to the U.S.’s BLM/National lands, where you can roam freely off-trail at any time of day or night.

To the best of this author’s knowledge, none of Costa Rica’s nationally protected lands are open to visitors 24 hours a day without a licensed guide or special permit. A few exceptions may exist, such as Tortuguero and Isla del Coco (via liveaboard boat). Restricting visiting hours to daylight can be problematic for wildlife enthusiasts wishing to observe nocturnal species, which comprise most of Costa Rica’s wildlife.

Fortunately, for those interested in viewing nocturnal wildlife, there are private ecolodges that allow 24-hour access to wildlands. Some properties may publicly post daytime restrictions for safety reasons but are willing to make exceptions upon special request (this may require signing a waiver). Econaturalist.com is dedicated to highlighting ecolodges that allow nocturnal exploration, and a sample of such ecolodges can be found in our Costa Rica Ecolodges section.

If you are looking to view diurnal species, consider some of the famous Costa Rican National Parks listed below:

Top National Parks and Preserves for Diurnal Wildlife Viewing

Corcovado National Park and the Osa Peninsula

Corcovado National Park, located on the Osa Peninsula on the Southern Pacific coast, is Costa Rica’s holy grail of biodiversity. While Costa Rica contains 5% of the world’s biodiversity, the Osa Peninsula alone contains 4%, and nearly all of Costa Rica’s mammal species can be found here. Corcovado is best experienced with a tour guide (necessary for overnight stays) and can be expensive for overnight accommodations at the ranger station dormitories. However, you can easily see more species of birds and mammals in a few hours of a guided tour than you could in a week elsewhere in Costa Rica. Common sightings include tapirs, tamanduas, four monkey species, and crocodiles. Even puma (Puma concolor) sightings are not uncommon. For a more affordable visit, consider lodging at the rustic Sierpe River Camp ecolodge and booking tours of Sirena and San Pedrillo stations. Crocodiles (Crocodylus acutus) and hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) are commonly seen at Sierpe River Camp.

Visiting Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica

Visiting Corcovado National Park requires more planning than most other Costa Rican reserves because of its strict regulations. The park service (SINAC) enforces these rules to minimize human impact and keep visitors safe in one of the country’s wildest landscapes. Chief among them is the mandatory use of a licensed naturalist guide. Whether you are visiting for a single day or staying overnight at Sirena, you cannot enter the park on your own. Guides must be arranged in advance, and their services typically cost $70–$100 per day, usually built into the total tour package. Because permits and guides sell out quickly during the December–April and July–August high seasons, reservations should ideally be made at least two months ahead.

Along with securing a guide, visitors must purchase a park entry permit, which costs $15 USD per person per day. These permits are capped to limit the number of people in the park at any given time, and they are not sold at the gate. Instead, your guide or operator will handle the booking, which requires providing your passport details. The strict permit system is one reason why last-minute trips to Corcovado rarely work out—you must plan in advance through official channels or risk being turned away.

Independent hiking is not allowed inside the park. Trails are patrolled, and even highly experienced naturalists must stay with their guide at all times. There are limited exceptions along the park’s fringes, such as community-run trails at Dos Brazos or stretches of public beach near La Leona, but these technically lie outside the official boundary. For those overnighting at Sirena Station, exploration is always done with a guide, and heading off alone is prohibited. This ensures that visitors don’t get lost in the unmarked forest and that wildlife isn’t unduly disturbed.

Another important regulation concerns night access. For safety reasons and to protect nocturnal wildlife, the park closes around dusk and night hikes are not permitted within Corcovado itself. If you overnight at Sirena, you may stay around the station clearing after dark, but extended hikes are not allowed. Wildlife enthusiasts interested in reptiles, amphibians, or nocturnal insects should instead consider night tours on private land around Drake Bay, Puerto Jiménez, or at ecolodges like Sierpe River Camp, which has its own trails and also organizes day tours into the park. These alternatives provide the chance to enjoy nocturnal wildlife without breaking park rules.

Camping inside the park is no longer possible, and overnight visitors must stay in official lodging at ranger stations—currently, only Sirena is open to tourists. Facilities are rustic but well maintained, with bunk beds, shared bathrooms, cold-water showers, and a dining hall for meals. All personal trash must be carried out, drones and campfires are banned, and feeding or approaching wildlife is prohibited. Safety also plays a central role in the regulations: crocodiles and sharks inhabit some rivers, tides can make crossings dangerous, and sudden weather changes can complicate hikes. With no cell signal inside Corcovado, visitors rely on guides and ranger radios in emergencies. These strict rules may seem demanding, but they are essential for keeping Corcovado wild while still allowing naturalists the rare chance to experience one of the most biodiverse places on Earth.

Overview of Lodging Options for Corcovado Visitors

Staying overnight inside the park at Sirena Ranger Station is costly but highly rewarding, offering the deepest immersion in Corcovado’s rainforest and maximizing dawn and dusk wildlife encounters. Outside the park, Drake Bay is the main northern base, accessible only by boat or rough 4x4, with accommodations ranging from $15 dorms to $700+ luxury eco-lodges; its remote, nature-immersed atmosphere makes it a favorite for wildlife travelers. On the southern side, Puerto Jiménez provides the most affordable and flexible lodging, with cabinas as low as $30 and boutique options under $120, while nearby Carate and Cabo Matapalo offer pricier ecolodges like La Leona or Lapa Rios for those wanting to stay closer to the wilderness. Sierpe, though technically outside the Osa Peninsula, serves as a staging point for boat transfers and mangrove tours, with simple $50–$80 hotels and the rustic, nature-immersed Sierpe River Camp ($30 per person). Each location has trade-offs: Drake Bay offers isolation and ocean access, Puerto Jiménez affordability and amenities, and Sierpe unique mangrove wildlife. Wildlife enthusiasts with time may benefit from experiencing both sides of the park for a fuller perspective.

Quick Reference: Lodging and Base Options by Location

• Inside the Park (Sirena Station)
  • Rustic bunkhouse lodging, meals included, ~$370–$400 per person for 2D/1N guided packages.
  • Worthwhile splurge for maximum immersion and prime wildlife viewing.
• Drake Bay (North Side)
  • Budget: $15–$60 dorms/rooms (Martina’s Place, Mariposa Drake).
  • Mid-range: $80–$200 eco-lodges (Pirate Cove, Hotel Jinetes de Osa).
  • Luxury: $250–$700+ all-inclusive jungle lodges (Aguila de Osa, La Paloma, Copa de Arbol).
  • No ATMs; bring cash. Remote, accessible only by boat/4x4.
• Puerto Jiménez & Carate (South & East Side)
  • Budget cabinas $30–$50; mid-range boutique hotels $70–$120 (Cabinas Jimenez, Las Islas Lodge).
  • Carate/Matapalo lodges: La Leona Eco Lodge ($150–$300), Lookout Inn ($100–$200), Lapa Rios ($600+).
  • Affordable hub with town amenities; longer treks needed to reach Sirena.
• Sierpe
  • Town lodging $50–$80 (Hotel Oleaje Sereno, La Perla).
  • Rustic ecolodge cabins at Sierpe River Camp ($30 pp, meals extra, solar power, boat access).
  • Excellent for mangrove tours, night herping, or transit to Drake Bay.
• Overall
  • Sirena is the most immersive but expensive.
  • Drake Bay balances seclusion with a wide lodging range.
  • Puerto Jiménez offers affordability and infrastructure.
  • Sierpe is best for mangroves and offbeat experiences.

Read the Corcovado National Park Comprehensive Guide for complete information.

Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve

Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve is a private reserve dedicated to protecting the Monteverde/Santa Elena cloud forest habitat in the Tilarán Mountains of northern Costa Rica. This reserve, along with the adjacent Curi-Cancha Reserve, is famous for its birding opportunities. The Monteverde Cloud Forest is home to keel-billed toucans, more than 30 species of hummingbirds, 10 species of trogons, the famous resplendent quetzal, and many more bird species. The pleasant temperatures in this high-elevation region provide a welcome respite from the oppressive heat of the lowland rainforests. Herpetologists, can take night herping tours from various ecolodges (Night Walk Tour: +50683155002), or book a stay at the Canopy House, which borders the Monteverde Cloud Forest reserve, and has private trails which can be hiked day or night. Various frog species are commonly seen, and sightings of the side-striped palm pitviper (Bothriechis lateralis) are not uncommon. Two-toed sloths (Choloepus hoffmanni) are also commonly seen at night.

High elevation destinations such as Monteverde, San Gerardo de Dota, or the summits of volcanos can be quite chilly. While Costa Rica doesn't have alpine tundra, elevations above 2000 meters can get chilly enough that you might want to pack a sweater and windbreaker...items you might not think of bringing when visiting the tropics.

Tortuguero National Park

Tortuguero National Park is perhaps the best place in Costa Rica to view sea turtles. Tortuguero offers estuarine and rainforest wildlife tours from the comfort and convenience of a boat. This is one of the best places in Costa Rica to view and photograph the great green macaw (Ara ambiguus). Although traveling to Tortuguero can be difficult and more expensive due to its remoteness and the necessity of hiring boat transportation and tours, this remoteness is one of the park’s best features.

Manuel Antonio National Park

Manuel Antonio National Park is one of the most convenient and accessible parks for viewing a large amount of wildlife in a short amount of time and on a budget. Manuel Antonio offers a blend of rainforest and beach habitats and boasts a large diversity of animal species. Sloths, monkeys, spiny-tailed iguanas (Ctenosaura similis), and even snakes are commonly seen, especially with the help of a guide (or by observing other groups with guides). The downside of Manuel Antonio is that it often gets crowded, sometimes with tourists who don’t respect the rules or wildlife viewing etiquette (you may see people feeding the wildlife right in front of signs saying “Don’t feed the wildlife”). The upside is that the crowds mean there are many eyes spotting wildlife and sharing sightings.

Tárcoles River Bridge

While not a park or preserve, the Tárcoles River Bridge is the most reliable place to see wild crocodiles (Crocodylus acutus). The bridge is a busy road bridge that allows visitors to walk along the edge to view the crocodiles in the river below. The chance of seeing a crocodile here is nearly 100%. There are parking spots and food/souvenir vendors on the north side of the river. You may notice parking attendants here; they are unofficial attendants who watch over your vehicle to protect it from theft and expect a small tip for their services (₡500 is sufficient).

Ecotourism Etiquette

Ecotourists in Costa Rica are privileged to experience the country’s precious wild resources, and we should treat this opportunity as a cherished privilege, not a right to be taken for granted. Remember that you represent your nationality, and it’s important to set a good example and avoid being the "bad apple" that ruins privileges for everyone else.

Most rules of etiquette are common sense, such as not littering, vandalizing, or removing artifacts, flora, or fauna (including seashells on the beach—crabs and other animals use them as homes), and not disturbing wildlife. Some animals are extremely sensitive to human disturbances, and your mere presence can interfere with their natural behaviors, such as hunting, foraging, nesting, and breeding. While some animals are more tolerant of human presence, it’s never okay to feed wildlife, take selfies with wildlife (Costa Rican law), or touch or harass wildlife (gentle handling of small animals like insects or reptiles/amphibians is often tolerated, but collecting/poaching will get you in trouble if caught).

Feeding wildlife is an incredibly common offense, often too widespread for authorities to control effectively. However, ethical ecotourists will avoid feeding wildlife. Feeding wildlife can sometimes harm the animals directly but often causes more significant harm by artificially increasing the population of a species that then predates on other species. For example, if you like sea turtles, don’t feed raccoons, coatis, gulls, and vultures that will ultimately prey on them!

Another important consideration is to avoid trampling vegetation while walking off-trail. It’s easy to assume that the vegetation will quickly grow back due to the abundant rainfall. We’ve all seen jungle explorers and even Costa Rican locals chopping vegetation with machetes, knowing that the plants will regrow quickly, and this might be true for many types of vegetation, especially those exposed to sunlight. However, many plants living on the forest floor of dense canopy primary forests are very long-lived perennials and grow extremely slowly due to the lack of sunlight. Take extra care not to trample these plants.

Finally, think carefully about whether you should make your wildlife observations public. While submitting observations to citizen science websites like iNaturalist.org can greatly contribute to conservation science, consider whether to make the location public (this is an option on iNaturalist.org). Making observations public may encourage others to look for that animal in the same area, which can be beneficial for ecotourism but harmful if it helps poachers or collectors or draws too many visitors to sensitive sites like nests or easily exploited locations such as dens or migratory routes. I encourage everyone to use good judgment and consider the possible consequences before making wildlife observations public. A common way to share beautiful wildlife photos and encourage wildlife appreciation while mitigating the risks of exploitation is to hide the exact location of your observation and only share it with trusted individuals. For example, posting that you found an eyelash viper in Cahuita National Park is public information, but detailing the exact location could lead to the animal being poached. Similarly, noting that you saw a bird nest in Corcovado Park is enough to encourage responsible tourism, but sharing the exact location could result in too many visitors disturbing the nest, possibly causing the mother to abandon it.

Insider’s Guide to Practical Tips for Viewing Wildlife:
8 Practical tips For Finding More Wildlife

In this section, I’ll share some practical tips and tricks for viewing wildlife in Costa Rica that I’ve learned from my own experiences. Whether you’re a seasoned traveler or visiting for the first time, these insights will help you make the most of your wildlife encounters, ensuring that you have a rewarding and memorable experience while respecting the natural environment and its inhabitants. From the best times to venture out to strategies for spotting elusive species, these insider tips will give you an edge in your wildlife adventures.

1. Start with a Local Guide: Begin your adventure with a local guide, even if it's just for a single tour on your first day. While guides are skilled at finding animals and can maximize your sightings, if you’re like me, you'll desire the thrill of spotting wildlife on your own, without a guide, and at your own pace, even if it means fewer sightings. What I like to do is compromise and hire a guide just for the first day or for one tour to learn the best spots, tips, and techniques from the expert. Afterward, I venture out on my own, applying what I’ve learned. This approach saves money compared to hiring guides every day and adds the excitement of independent exploration. There have been times when I was out of my element and couldn’t find much wildlife, only to hire a guide on my last day just to finally realize what I should have been doing all along. In hindsight, hiring the guide on the first day would have likely led to more successful wildlife sightings throughout the trip (and cost me the same amount as hiring on the last day).

2. Move Slowly in the Rainforest: When searching for wildlife, especially herps (reptiles and amphibians) in Costa Rican rainforests, the best advice is to go slow—really slow. Herping in the rainforest is different from herping in the desert. In deserts, wildlife is sparse but easier to spot, so it makes sense to cover more ground. Rainforests, on the other hand, are the opposite...life is everywhere, but it’s much harder to see. Moving quickly means you’re likely walking past many hidden animals. It’s far more effective to slow down to a snail’s pace. If you’re accustomed to herping in deserts, you’ll need to adjust by spending much more time scanning the vegetation. When you know you’re in the right habitat at the right time, don't walk any faster than a tortoise. Take two steps, stop, and thoroughly scan the vegetation from front to back, top to bottom, then repeat.

3. Walk Single File in Groups: When searching for snakes in a group, walk single file. The lead person can focus on the ground to avoid stepping on snakes, while those following can scan low-lying vegetation and trees. To maximize your chances, have each person in the group assigned to look at one side of the trail, so you’re not all searching the same side. Don’t forget to occasionally stop and look behind you to check the other side of leaves and trees. For example, while herping at Yatama Ecolodge, I was with two guides and my partner, who were all ahead of me. Despite their expertise in spotting frogs, they missed a brightly colored snake because it was on the wrong side of a tree. I only spotted it because I happened to look back at the right moment. The lesson here is that even if you’re last in line, taking the time to look backward can reveal something everyone else missed.

4. Search Along Water Sources: Frogs need water to breed and often establish territories near ideal breeding sites. If you’re searching for frogs, these are prime locations. If you’re after snakes or larger carnivorous herps, remember that frogs are a primary food source for many predators. In Costa Rican rainforests, even large fer-de-lance snakes, which you might expect to feed primarily on rodents, are opportunistic frog eaters.

5. Research Your Target Species: Make sure you know whether your target species is nocturnal or diurnal. Don’t be misled by photos you’ve seen—many are staged. For example, red-eyed tree frogs (Agalychnis callidryas) are strictly nocturnal, despite photos showing them during the day. Learn about their preferred habitat, such as whether they are found along creeks, and understand their diet and breeding habits. Animals living in the canopy can be difficult to spot, so if your target species is a canopy dweller, find out if there’s a time of year or day when they descend to the forest floor. For instance, the black-speckled palm pitviper (Bothriechis nigroviridis) is a canopy dweller and rarely seen, even where they are common. In contrast, the side-striped palm pitviper (Bothriechis lateralis) also shares the canopy with B. nigroviridis, but often makes brief excursions to the forest floor at night to feed. Similarly, many species of tree and leaf frogs spend most of their lives high in the canopy but come down to pools of water to breed. One such example is the gliding leaf frog (Agalychnis spurrelli), which spends most of its life in the canopy but occasionally comes down to breed in the numbers. It lasts just a couple nights before they all return to the canopy. This is a species that you'll either see zero, or you'll see a hundred.

6. Watch for Eye Shine at Night: Crocodilians (caimans and crocodiles in Costa Rica) are easy to spot at night by looking for their eye shine. I personally spotted several crocodiles at night at Sierpe River Camp and a caiman at Hacienda Barú using this method. Many nocturnal mammals, such as cats, opossums, kinkajous, and certain tree frogs, also have noticeable eye shine. For the best results, hold your flashlight close to your eyes and look straight down the beam as if aiming a rifle—eye shine often reflects directly back to the light source.

7. Consider Coastal Rainforest Conditions: Coastal rainforests have less moisture due to higher evaporation rates, leading to fewer mosses and epiphytes on trees compared to super-humid inland lowland rainforests. The lack of moss and epiphytes makes the branches look less "busy" and more open, meaning there are fewer hiding spots for creatures, and their camouflage is less effective.

8. Learn the Calls of Your Target Species: Familiarize yourself with the calls of the species you’re seeking. Toucans, for example, are noisy and have easily recognized calls. Red-eyed tree frogs also have distinctive calls that can help you locate them. In fact, experts routinely find frogs by following their calls. Learn Costa Rica's frog calls with the Field Guide to Costa Rica Frogs and Toads ebook, coauthored by Brian Kubicki, owner of the Costa Rican Amphibian Research Center ecolodge and Guayacan rainforest reserve.

Costs and Budgeting for Your Costa Rica Eco-Adventure

Currency and Payment Methods

The currency in Costa Rica is the colón (plural: colones), with the symbol "₡" and the code "CRC." At the time of writing, $1 USD is equivalent to approximately 518 CRC. Common banknotes include denominations of 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 colones.

In Costa Rica, the most commonly accepted payment methods are colones (CRC), U.S. dollars (USD), and credit cards. I recommend using all three during your visit. Credit cards are widely accepted, often without unexpected fees (though it's best to confirm with your credit card company), and currency conversions are done at the official bank exchange rate. This should be your preferred payment method as it helps avoid errors, unfavorable exchange rates, and reduces the need to carry large amounts of cash. Additionally, a credit card is essential if you plan to rent a car.

I, personally, like to take two credit cards of different companies (Visa and Amex) (in addition to a debit card), just in case one card is not accepted (Amex), or if one card is declined or put on hold. That being said, its not a bad idea to call your credit card company before your trip and let them know you'll be in Costa Rica, so they don't assume your purchases are fraudulent and consequently freeze your account.

Colones are ideal for everyday transactions such as buying gas, paying road tolls, eating at sodas (small local restaurants), paying taxi or bus fares, buying groceries, paying park entrance fees, and tipping. It’s also a good idea to carry some USD, as certain services—such as tours, lodging, and sometimes private transportation—may require payment in U.S. dollars. If you're from the U.S., bring the amount of USD you anticipate needing. If you're coming from another country, try to obtain USD in advance where you can secure a favorable exchange rate. While most businesses in Costa Rica accept USD, if a price is quoted in CRC, it’s advisable to pay in CRC to avoid potentially unfavorable exchange rates.

To acquire colones, I recommend using a debit card to withdraw cash from ATMs, which generally offer a fair exchange rate, minus a small ATM fee. Outside of the airports (SJO and LIR) and a few large shopping areas, most ATMs are located at banks. Avoid using the exchange booth at Juan Santamaría Airport (SJO), as it typically offers an unfavorable exchange rate. Instead, use the ATM near the luggage carousel after passing through customs. Many ATMs default to Spanish, but often have an option to switch to English. It’s best to avoid asking someone for help to protect your personal information, such as your PIN. In case you encounter an ATM without an English option, it’s helpful to know a few key Spanish terms:

ATM Spanish Terms to Know

Average Costs for an Ecotourism Trip to Costa Rica

Budgets can vary widely depending on your style. In general, a Costa Rica vacation will be cheaper than a comparable one in the U.S., but don’t expect to be paying super low third world rates. Gas is more expensive than in the U.S.A., food is comparable to U.S.A. prices, and lodging is typically cheaper. Lodging can be found for as cheap as $30 (USD) per night, but can also range into the hundreds per night, depending on where you stay.

Tipping Etiquette in Costa Rica

Tipping in Costa Rica is generally not expected, as it is in the U.S., but it is appreciated, especially since salaries tend to be lower than in many other countries. Colones are preferred for tipping, but U.S. dollars are also widely accepted. In restaurants, a 10% service fee is automatically added to your bill and is distributed among all employees. If you feel your waiter provided exceptional service, you can leave an additional tip in cash directly to them, as there is usually no option to add a tip to your credit card. When parking, you may encounter a “wachman,” an unofficial parking lot attendant who watches your car to protect against theft. It’s customary to acknowledge them when you arrive and to tip them around 500 colones when you return to your vehicle. See the table below for a tipping guide for various services.

Tips for Tipping in Costa Rica

Conclusion: The Importance of Ecotourism in Costa Rica

Costa Rica is a shining example of how ecotourism can play a vital role in preserving the environment and supporting local communities. By choosing ecotourism, visitors not only experience the country’s incredible biodiversity and stunning landscapes but also contribute directly to the protection of these precious wildlands. Ecotourism provides a sustainable source of income for Costa Ricans, allowing them to earn a living by safeguarding their natural heritage rather than exploiting it for timber, resource extraction, or agriculture. Every time you visit a national park, stay at an eco-lodge, or hire a local guide, you’re helping to create economic incentives that prioritize conservation. Your participation in ecotourism strengthens the ongoing efforts to preserve Costa Rica’s rich biodiversity for future generations, ensuring that this small country continues to be a global leader in environmental stewardship. Thank you for choosing to travel responsibly and for being a part of the movement that protects and cherishes our planet’s natural wonders.

Additional Resources for Costa Rica Ecotourism

Further Reading and Websites

• www.mytanfeet.com
• www.twoweeksincostarica.com

U.S. Government

• Costa Rica Embassy in Washington D.C.
• U.S. Department of State. Costa Rica

Recommended Apps for Costa Rica Travel

• Waze (navigational app)
• MAPS.ME (downloadable maps available offline)
• Google Translate
• Duolingo (language learning app. Best used before travel, use Google translate during travel)